1. Which of the following did not occur after the War of 1812?

   A. Commerce revived and expanded.

   B. An economic boom was followed by a disastrous bust.

   C. All banking was left to the states.

   D. Westward expansion accelerated dramatically.

2. After peace was restored, "infant industries" that prospered during the war:

   A. Were strong enough to withstand British competition.

   B. Expanded into foreign markets.

   C. Were competitive with foreign markets.

   D. Demanded that the government protects them form foreign competition.

3. After the war, the nation’s most pressing economic need was:

   A. Access to foreign markets that were not open to our commerce.

   B. A trained labor force to work in complex industries.

   C. A transportation system that would provide manufacturers access to raw materials and markets.

   D. A system by which worn-out soil could be reclaimed.

4. The second Bank of the United States could deal with the nation’s currency problem by:

   A. Prohibiting state banks form issuing notes.

   B. Using its size and power to compel state banks to issue sound notes or go out of business.

   C. Using only gold and silver as currency.

   D. Dealing only with major land speculators.

5. According to "nationalists" in the government, "internal improvements" should be financed by:

   A. A series of local, internal improvements taxes.

   B. The national government.

   C. The states in which the " improvements" are made.

   D. Private investments.

    

6. The administration of President James Monroe was called the "Era of Good Feelings" because:

   A. It was a time of few factional disputes and partisan decisions.

   B. There were no economic depressions.

   C. Most Americans were content to remain where they were.

   D. The national bank successfully managed the economy.

7. Which of the following was not a reason for the "great migration" westward?

   A. An increased population.

   B. The end of Indian opposition to expansion.

   C. The government "factor" system.

   D. A shift from farming to industry in the West.

8. The Black Belt was:

   A. The area where most were settled.

   B. An area of dark, rotted limestone soil that was excellent for cotton.

   C. A burned-over region in upstate New York.

   D. The dark swamps of southern Georgia and northern Florida.

9. In the American mind of the 1820's the far west was seen as:

   A. A great desert.

   B. A wooded region like the Northeast.

   C. A paradise on earth.

   D. Rich farmland ready to be settled.

10. The Panic of 1819.

    A. Brought a halt to western expansion for decades.

    B. Convinced the West that the national bank was a sound institution.

    C. Did little to change American attitudes toward growth and expansion.

    D. Removed the national bank as a political issue.

11. The Missouri crisis , which was settled by a compromise in 1820, was significant because it was a sign of sectional crisis and because it:

    A. Revealed how strong pro-slavery attitudes were.

    B. Revealed how deep anti-slavery feelings were.

    C. Stood in such sharp contrast to the rising American nationalism of the 1820's.

    D. Involved most of the major politician of the day.

12. John Marshall’s influence on the Supreme Court was so great that he:

A. Was able to get whomever he wanted appointed to the bench.

B. More than anyone other than the farmers themselves, molded the development of the Constitution.

C. Was able to ignore the other justices.

1. Could single handedly overturn acts of Congress.

1. The lasting significance of Gibbons v. Ogden was that it:

   A. Opened the way for steamboat travel on the Mississippi,

   B. Confirmed the state’s right to regulate commerce.

   C. Made peace between the court and the court and the Adams administration.

   D. Freed transportation systems from restraints by the states.

2. The decisions of the Marshall Court.

A. Established the primary of the federal government in regulation the economy.

B. Gave strength to the doctrine of state rights.

C. Destroyed what was left of Hamilton federalism.

D. Opened the way for an increased federal role in promoting economic growth.

1. Achieved a. and d.

1. In its ruling concerning the Indian tribes, the Marshall Court held that:

   A. The national government, not the states, had authority.

   B. Indians were citizens like everyone else.

   C. Indians had the same status as slaves.

   D. Tribal lands belong to the states.

2. The charge of a "corrupt bargain" was raised when.

A. Clay supported Adams for the presidency and was appointed secretary of state.

B. Jackson promised to reward his supporters if he won.

C. Adams won with the support of southern planters.

D. The Republican caucus threw its support to Adams.

17. Adam’s nationalistic program, which was a lot like Clay’s American System, was not funded because.

A. The nation could not afford it.

B. Business opposed it.

C. Western interests opposed it.

D. Jackson’s supporters in Congress voted against it.

18. In his victory in 1828, Jackson drew his greatest support from the:

A. South and the West.

B. New England region and the Southeast.

C. Middle Atlantic states and the Old Northwest.

1. South and the Middle Atlantic states.

19. The goal of the Jacksonians was to

1. Redistribute the wealth of the nation
2. Reduce the influence of southern planters
3. Ensure that people could rise to prominence on the basis of their own talents and energies
4. Put as many of their own people in office as possible

20. During the Jacksonian era, the number of voters:

1. increased at a more rapid pace that did the population as a whole
2. increased at a slower pave than in the previous decade
3. actually decreased as a percentage of the population
4. remained stable

20. The most significant change regarding "party" to take place in the Jacksonian era was the:

1. recognition of the value of "third party".
2. View that institutionalized parties were a desirable part of the political process
3. View that party leaders should be presidential candidates
4. Emergence of a hard core of party loyalists who picked all candidates for national office

20. Which of the following did Jackson and the Jacksonians not attack ?

1. A "class" of permanent officeholders
2. The system by which presidential candidates were selected
3. The "spoils system"
4. The party caucus

20. Which of the following was not a democratic reform of the age of Jackson?

1. Adoption of the national nominating convention for the selection of presidential candidates
2. Adoption of the secret ballot
3. Popular election of presidential electors in most states
4. Removal by most states of property and taxation requirements for voting

20. The South Carolina Exposition and Protest condemned as unconstitutional the:

1. Recharter of the national bank
2. Maysville Road Bill
3. Indian Removal Act
4. "Tariff of abominations"

20. John C. Calhoun advanced the theory of nullification as:

1. A moderate alternative to secession
2. A means of making the national government secondary to the states
3. A concession to western interests
4. A way to force Congress to pass a protective tariff

20. The most significant result of the Eaton affair was that

1. John C. Calhoun became the leader of the Kitchen Cabinet
2. It led to the Webster-Hayne debate
3. Martin Van Buren emerged as Jackson’s choice to succeed him
4. John Eaton became Jackson’s secretary of state

20. Robert Y. Hayne supported the continued sale of western lands in an effort to

1. Aid the expansion of slavery
2. Help finance internal improvements
3. Add to the deposits in the National Bank
4. Get western support for efforts to reduce the tariff

20. Daniel Wesbster’s "Second Reply to Hayne" was made in an attempt to

1. Refute Calhoun’s theory of nullification
2. Affirm the integrity of nullification
3. Support the sale of western lands
4. A. and b.
5. B. and c.

20. The "force bill" of 1832

1. authorized the president to use force to see that acts of Congress were obeyed
2. forced Jackson to stand up to Calhoun
3. forced the president to consult Congress if he planned to use troops against South Carolina
4. made it impossible for other southern states to nullify laws

20. The "Five Civilized Tribes" were the

1. Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw
2. Cherokee, Cahaba, Iroquios, Mohawk, and Pequot
3. Cherokee, Creek, Miami, Mowa, and Iroquios
4. Creek, Seminole, Choctow, Cahaba, and Pequot

20. The Cherokees were supported in their unsuccessful battle for removal by

1. President Jackson
2. The Supreme Court
3. Congress
4. The state of Georgia

20. When Indian removal was completed

1. every Indian west of the Mississippi River was gone
2. only elements of the Seminoles and Cherokees remained
3. the Indians were relocated in reservations much like the tribal lands they left
4. the Indians were far enough removed from the whites where they would not face further encroachments

20. Under Nicholas Biddle, the national bank

1. withheld credit from new businesses
2. restrained less well managed state banks
3. did little general banking business
4. operated solely from its Philadelphia headquarters

20. The national bank was supported by

1. "hard money" advocates
2. "soft-money" advocates
3. western farmers
4. eastern business interests

20. Determined to reduce the Bank’s power even before its charter expired, Jackson

1. fired most of its officials, including Biddle
2. removed government deposits from the Bank
3. removed government deposits from state banks
4. exposed the high officials who had been borrowing from the bank

20. After the Panic of 1837 the Democrats’ efforts to produce a new financial system resulted in the creation of

1. a third national bank
2. the "independent treasury" or "subtreasury" system
3. a system without state banks
4. a system where only gold was used as currency

20. Roger B. Taney’s tenure as chief justice

1. marked a sharp break with the Marshall Court in constitutional interpretation
2. was little more than an extension of the Marshall Court
3. helped modify Marshall’s vigorous nationalism
4. was greatly influenced by the views of John C. Calhoun

20. The Whig Party

1. favored expanding the power of the federal government
2. encouraged industrial and commercial development
3. advocated knitting the country together into a consolidated economic system
4. did all of the above
5. did none of the above

20. The rise of New York City in the first half of the nineteenth century was the result of all of the following except

1. a superior natural harbor
2. liberal state laws that made the city attractive for both foreign and domestic commerce
3. an absence of "nativist" sentiment
4. unrivaled access to the interior

20. At the time it was completed, the Erie Canal was

1. already obsolete
2. beginning to fill with silt from the Great Lakes
3. the greatest construction project Americans had ever undertaken
4. cited as an example of how not to construct a canal

20. Which of the following helped enlarge the urban population in this era?

1. Immigrants from Europe
2. Northeast farmers
3. The growth of the populations as a whole
4. All of the above
5. Both a. and c.

20. The nativist movement wanted to

1. return all land to Native Americans
2. enact more restrictive naturalization laws
3. increase aid to education so voters would be literate
4. make immigrants feel this was their home

20. One of the immediate results of the new transportation routes constructed during the "canal age" was

1. an increased white settlement in the Northwest
2. an increased white settlement in the Southwest
3. the renewed cooperation between states and the national government on internal improvement projects
4. the conviction that the national government should be responsible for all internal improvements

20. During the 1820s and 1830s, railroads

1. played only a secondary role in the nation’s transportation system
2. replaced canals as the most important means of transportation
3. generated little interest among American businessmen
4. consisted of a few long lines, which were not connected to water routes

20. The most profound economic development in mid-nineteenth-century America was the:

1. development of a national banking system.

B. creation of corporations

1. decline of the small-town merchant and general store
2. rise of the factory

20. The great technical advances in American industry owed much to:

1. American inventors

B. National research universities

C. Innovative businessmen

1. Labor unions

20. The beginnings of an industrial labor supply can be traced to:

1. overcrowding in American cities
2. a dramatic increase in food production
3. the use of slaves in manufacturing industries
4. an increase in European immigration

20. The Lowell or Waltham system of recruiting labor was to:

1. enlist young women from farm families
2. recruit whole families from rural area
3. recruit newly arrived immigrants

D. enlist young men from farm families

20. The paternalistic factory system of Lowell and Waltham did not last long because:

1. workers resented being watched over so carefully
2. in the highly competitive textile market, manufacturers were eager to cut labor costs
3. unions undermined the owners’ authority
4. men found jobs in the factories, and they disliked the paternalistic system

20. Most of the industrial growth experienced in the United States between 1840 and 1860 took place in the:

1. South and Southwest
2. Old Northwest
3. New England region and the mid-Atlantic states

D. Ohio Valley

20. Which of the following was not a technological advance that sped the growth of industry during this period linked the:

1. Better machine tools
2. Interchangeable tools
3. Improved water-power generators
4. New steam engines

20. The railroad network that developed during this period linked the:

1. Northeast to the Northwest
2. Northeast to the Gulf Coast
3. East Coast to the West Orleans
4. New York to New Orleans

20. Crucial to the operation of railroads was:

1. a system of federal railroad regulation
2. the invention of the telegraph
3. slave labor to build the lines
4. a canal and river system that supported the lines

20. Which of the following did not inhibit the growth of effective labor resistance

1. Ethnic divisions between natives and immigrants
2. The availability of cheap labor
3. Slavery
4. The strength of the industrial capitalists

20. Why did the unequal distribution of wealth not create more resentment

1. The actual living standard of the workers was improving
2. There was no social mobility, but people were content to stay where they were in the social system
3. Geographic mobility was limited, so there were few other opportunities
4. The political system offered few ways to express resentment

20. In the middle-class family during this era, the role of women changed from

1. helpmate to workmate
2. "republican mother" to "democratic female"
3. passive domestic to radical feminist
4. income producer to income consumer

20. The growth of the agricultural economy of the Northwest affected the sectional alignment of the United States because:

1. northwestern goods were sold to residents of the Northeast
2. northeastern industry sold its products to the Northeast
3. northwestern grain was sold to the South, which allowed it to grow more cotton
4. the Northwest was able to feed itself so it did not align with any other section
5. of a. and b.